Programs that provide formal supervision of offenders released conditionally on probation or parole or confined to their homes or other venues in the community; that offer alternatives to involvement in the justice system; or that provide the option of participating in restorative justice, counselling, educational or employment programs as an alternative to incarceration in a correctional facility, payment of a fine or other sanctions.

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Programs within the formal criminal justice system that provide facilities for the detention of people who have been charged with a crime and are awaiting trial, and/or the confinement, treatment, employment, training and discipline of people who have been sentenced to imprisonment after conviction for a criminal offence.

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Programs within the criminal justice system that have legal custody of prisoners and provide for the movement of prisoners from one jurisdiction or facility to another.

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Programs that help people who have been released from a correctional facility make a successful transition to community life. Services generally include an assessment of the individual's needs, discussion of options and short-term case management involving coordination of needed services which may include housing location assistance, job training, job placement and retention services, legal assistance, literacy skills development, CAEC or other high school equivalency courses, parenting classes, life skills training, access to food and shelter resources, and other sources of support.

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Programs that provide emotional support and friendship (through correspondence or other mechanisms) for individuals who are incarcerated in a correctional facility; facilitate continued contact between inmates and family members, friends and significant others; work to vindicate and free from prison, inmates who claim to be innocent of the crimes for which they have been convicted and sentenced; and/or ensure that inmates receive the services and support they need to solve problems arising from their incarceration and/or prepare for their release.

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